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Historic events

  • The Treaty of Versailles, signed in 1919, followed the end of the First World War and imposed harsh terms on Germany, which had been defeated by the Allies and was judged responsible for the bloody four-year conflict. The Allied leaders Woodrow Wilson, David Lloyd George, Georges Clemenceau and Vittorio Orlando drew up the treaty with no input from the vanquished party and struggled to...
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  • The Trojan War was a legendary period of fighting which took place in Greece and Asia Minor. It was the largest military campaign ever led by the Greeks against Troy, and began after the Queen of Sparta, Helen, was kidnapped by Paris, the son of the King of Troy. This event has been told through many different works of Greek...
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  • The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, passed on 10 December 1948, was one of the most significant milestones of the 20th century. It was the first text to recognize that each individual is entitled to fundamental rights and freedoms which make us all equal to one another, regardless of nationality, religion, profession or ethnicity. In just 50 minutes, you will find out...
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  • The Vietnam War lasted for 20 years, from 1955 to 1975, and had deadly consequences for both the soldiers fighting in it and Vietnamese civilians. Following the partition of French Indochina by the Geneva Accords in 1954, tensions mounted between the two ideologically opposed halves of the country, resulting in a long conflict between the US-backed South Vietnam on the one hand,...
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  • The Watergate scandal was one of the major events of the 20th century and marked the end of an era in US politics. It caused a crisis of confidence of the American general public in their government, with the resignation of a large number of senior officials and the replacement of Richard Nixon by Gerald Ford. In just 50 minutes,...
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  • The Yom Kippur War was fought in 1973 between a coalition of Arab countries, led by Egypt and Syria, and Israel. On the day of Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement), Egyptian and Syrian troops attacked the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights, which had been occupied by Israel since the Six-Day War in 1967. The Yom Kippur War contributed to the...
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  • World War I, which lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918, was one of the bloodiest conflicts in human history, and led to massive upheaval in international politics: new states were established and several empires fell. This book explores the beginnings of the war, including the assassination of Franz Ferdinand and the influence of fear on the sudden outbreak of fighting. In just...
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  • The final years of the First World War were a very uncertain time; it seemed that victory could go either way. The French and British had been beaten back at the Second Battle of the Aisne and at Flanders Fields, the Italians had been defeated at the Battle of Caporetto, and Russia had just signed a peace treaty with Germany. However, Germany's...
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  • In the winter of 1915, Europe was in a stalemate. There was a general sense of surprise that World War I was still raging - everyone had expected the fighting to be over quickly. However, the war had expanded and taken on a scale beyond all expectations, having already caused around a million casualties. As time went on, there was...
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  • The Resistance was a massive movement which swept across much of Nazi-occupied Europe in an effort to drive out the invading German forces. It was a clandestine effort which aimed to fight against the occupiers in any way, through civilian resistance, humanitarian resistance and armed resistance. It is therefore difficult to actually define the movement, because this "resistance" took many forms...
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