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20th century

  • Josip Broz Tito was the first President of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, holding the role from 1953 to his death in 1980. After distinguishing himself in the resistance during the Second World War, he played a crucial role in shaping the new federal state and went on to defy Stalin, calling instead for a “third way” between the Eastern...
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  • Understand the essentials of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in just 50 minutes with this practical and concise book. The UNDP aims to eradicate poverty, reduce inequality, ensure democracy and the respect of human rights, and restore dignity to some of the world's most marginalized people. It is currently active in 77 countries, and bases its work on the concepts of partnership,...
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  • Vladimir Lenin was a Russian communist revolutionary and politician whose actions shaped the fate of Russia. He toppled the centuries-old tsarist regime to lead the proletariat to victory during the Russian Revolution, becoming a legendary figure for the people of Russia in the process. However, it is difficult to separate fact from fiction, as Lenin became surrounded by a cult of personality...
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  • Winston Churchill was the British Prime Minster during the Second World War. Known in particular for his role in the Allied victory over Nazi Germany, Churchill was a respected politician who is considered to be one of the greatest British leaders of the 20th century. However, a lesser-known fact is that Churchill was also a historian and a writer, and...
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  • World War I, which lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918, was one of the bloodiest conflicts in human history, and led to massive upheaval in international politics: new states were established and several empires fell. This book explores the beginnings of the war, including the assassination of Franz Ferdinand and the influence of fear on the sudden outbreak of fighting. In just...
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  • The final years of the First World War were a very uncertain time; it seemed that victory could go either way. The French and British had been beaten back at the Second Battle of the Aisne and at Flanders Fields, the Italians had been defeated at the Battle of Caporetto, and Russia had just signed a peace treaty with Germany. However, Germany's...
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  • In the winter of 1915, Europe was in a stalemate. There was a general sense of surprise that World War I was still raging - everyone had expected the fighting to be over quickly. However, the war had expanded and taken on a scale beyond all expectations, having already caused around a million casualties. As time went on, there was...
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  • The Resistance was a massive movement which swept across much of Nazi-occupied Europe in an effort to drive out the invading German forces. It was a clandestine effort which aimed to fight against the occupiers in any way, through civilian resistance, humanitarian resistance and armed resistance. It is therefore difficult to actually define the movement, because this "resistance" took many forms...
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